Assent refers to which kind of confirmation?

• A. Verbal confirmation
• B. Legal authorization
• C. Written confirmation
• D. Parental consent

Answer: (A)

Assent is the minor’s own affirmative agreement to participate, typically expressed verbally. It reflects the child’s developing autonomy and understanding to the extent possible, even though a parent or guardian provides legal permission through consent. This is why verbal confirmation best fits: it captures the individual’s willingness, not the formal legal authorization or a written document. The other concepts refer to different requirements—legal authorization by a parent/guardian, or a written record—but assent specifically denotes the participant’s own agreement, usually spoken.